Geotextilesyizindwangu ezivuthekayo okuthi uma zisetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nomhlabathi zibe nekhono lokuhlukanisa, ukuhlunga, ukuqinisa, ukuvikela noma ukukhipha amanzi.Indwangu evamile eyenziwe nge-polypropylene noma i-polyester, izindwangu ze-geotextile ziza ngezindlela ezintathu eziyisisekelo: ezilukiweyo (ezifana nokusakazwa kwesikhwama se-mail), inaliti ebhontshiwe (efana nokuzizwa), noma i-heat bonded (efana nomzwelo we-ayina).
Izinhlanganisela ze-geotextile zethuliwe futhi imikhiqizo efana nama-geogrid nama-meshes yakhiwe.Ama-geotextile ahlala isikhathi eside, futhi ayakwazi ukuthambisa ukuwa uma othile ewa.Sekukonke, lezi zinto zibizwa ngokuthi yi-geosynthetics futhi ukucushwa ngakunye—ama-geonets, ama-geosynthetic clay liners, ama-geogrid, amashubhu e-geotextile, nokunye—kungaveza izinzuzo ekwakhiweni kobunjiniyela be-geotechnical kanye nemvelo.
Umlando
Njengoba izindwangu ze-geotextile zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezisebenzayo zanamuhla, kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe bebungekho ngisho naseminyakeni engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili edlule.Lobu buchwepheshe buvame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa izingqimba zomhlabathi, futhi sebuphenduke imboni yezigidigidi zamadola.
I-Geotextiles ekuqaleni yayihloselwe ukuba ibe enye yezihlungi zenhlabathi eziyimbudumbudu.Ithemu lokuqala, nelisasetshenziswa ngezinye izikhathi, le-geotextiles izindwangu zokuhlunga.Umsebenzi waqala ngeminyaka yawo-1950s ngo-RJ Barrett esebenzisa ama-geotextiles ngemuva kwezindonga zasolwandle zikakhonkolo, ngaphansi kwamabhulokhi okulawula ukuguguleka kukakhonkolo, ngaphansi kwe-riprap enkulu yamatshe, nakwezinye izimo zokulawula ukuguguleka.Wasebenzisa izitayela ezahlukene zezindwangu ezilukiwe ze-monofilament, zonke ezibonakala ngendawo evulekile yamaphesenti amaningi (ehluka kusuka ku-6 kuya ku-30%).Uxoxe ngesidingo sakho kokubili ukungena okwanele kanye nokugcinwa kwenhlabathi, kanye namandla anele endwangu kanye nokwelula okufanele futhi usethe ithoni yokusetshenziswa kwe-geotextile ezimeni zokuhlunga.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza
Ama-geotextiles kanye nemikhiqizo ehlobene nayo inezinhlelo eziningi zokusebenza futhi njengamanje isekela izicelo eziningi zobunjiniyela bomphakathi ezihlanganisa imigwaqo, izinkundla zezindiza, ujantshi wesitimela, uthango, izakhiwo zokugcina amanzi, amadamu, imisele, amadamu, ukuvikelwa kwamabhange, ubunjiniyela basogwini kanye nothango lwezindawo zokwakha udaka noma i-geotube.
Imvamisa ama-geotextile abekwa endaweni eqinile ukuze kuqiniswe inhlabathi.Ama-geotextiles nawo asetshenziselwa ukuvikela izindunduma zesihlabathi ukuze kuvikelwe impahla egudle ulwandle ekuqhumeni kwesiphepho, esenzweni samagagasi kanye nezikhukhula.Isiqukathi esikhulu esigcwele isihlabathi (i-SFC) ngaphakathi kohlelo lwendunduma ivimbela ukuguguleka kwesiphepho ukuthi kudlulele ngale kwe-SFC.Ukusebenzisa iyunithi eyehlelayo esikhundleni seshubhu elilodwa kususa ukungcola okulimazayo.
Amabhukwana okulawula ukuguguleka aphawula ngokusebenza kahle kwezimo ezitshekile, ezinezinyathelo ezinyathelayo ekwehliseni umonakalo wokuguguleka kosebe ngenxa yeziphepho.Amayunithi agcwele isihlabathi se-Geotextile ahlinzeka ngesixazululo sezikhali "esithambile" sokuvikela indawo ephezulu.Ama-geotextiles asetshenziswa njengokuhlanganisa ukuze kuzinzise ukugeleza eziteshini zokusakaza kanye nama-swales.
I-Geotextiles ingathuthukisa amandla omhlaba ngezindleko eziphansi kunezipikili zenhlabathi ezivamile.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-geotextiles avumela ukutshala emithambekeni ewumqansa, kuvikeleke nakakhulu umthambeko.
I-Geotextiles isetshenziselwe ukuvikela imikhondo ye-hominid ye-fossil ye-Laetoli e-Tanzania ekugugulekeni, emvuleni nasezimpandeni zezihlahla.
Ekwakheni ukubhidliza, izindwangu ze-geotextile ezihlanganiswe nothango lwensimbi lwensimbi zingaqukatha udoti oqhumayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-10-2021